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// FastRandom.h
// Declares the cFastRandom class representing a fast random number generator
/*
The cFastRandom alias should be avoided in favor of the result of a call to GetRandomProvider().
The MTRand generator used is faster, has a better range and provides higher quality randomness.
Note that MTRand is relatively costly to construct and so instances should be long lived,
prefer calls to GetRandomProvider over creating new instances.
*/
#pragma once
#include <random>
#include <type_traits>
#include <limits>
namespace Detail
{
/** Returns a low quality seed. */
UInt32 GetRandomSeed();
/** Aliases true_type if Char is any variant of char ignoring signed-ness. */
template <class Char>
using IsChar = typename std::is_same<typename std::make_signed<Char>::type, signed char>::type;
template <class IntType>
struct cUniformImpl :
public std::conditional<
IsChar<IntType>::value,
typename std::conditional< // Match signed-ness of IntType
std::is_signed<IntType>::value,
std::uniform_int_distribution<short>,
std::uniform_int_distribution<unsigned short>
>::type,
std::uniform_int_distribution<IntType>
>
{
};
/** uniform_int_distribution<char> is undefined so this aliases a valid type. */
template <class IntType>
using cUniform = typename cUniformImpl<IntType>::type;
}
/** Class to wrap any random engine to provide a more convenient interface. */
template <class RandomEngine>
class cRandomWrapper
{
public:
/** Initialize with a low quality seed. */
cRandomWrapper():
m_Engine(Detail::GetRandomSeed())
{
}
/** Initialize with a SeedSequence. */
template <class SeedSeq>
cRandomWrapper(SeedSeq & a_SeedSeq):
m_Engine(a_SeedSeq)
{
}
/** Return a random IntType in the range [a_Min, a_Max]. */
template <class IntType = int>
IntType RandInt(IntType a_Min, IntType a_Max)
{
ASSERT(
(a_Max >= a_Min) &&
(a_Max <= std::numeric_limits<IntType>::max()) &&
(a_Min >= std::numeric_limits<IntType>::min())
);
Detail::cUniform<IntType> dist(
static_cast<IntType>(a_Min),
static_cast<IntType>(a_Max)
);
return static_cast<IntType>(dist(m_Engine));
}
/** Return a random IntType in the range [0, a_Max]. */
template <class IntType = int>
IntType RandInt(IntType a_Max)
{
ASSERT((a_Max >= 0) && (a_Max <= std::numeric_limits<IntType>::max()));
Detail::cUniform<IntType> dist(IntType(0), static_cast<IntType>(a_Max));
return static_cast<IntType>(dist(m_Engine));
}
/** Return a random IntType in the range [0, std::numeric_limits<IntType>::max()]. */
template <class IntType = int>
IntType RandInt()
{
Detail::cUniform<IntType> dist(IntType(0), std::numeric_limits<IntType>::max());
return static_cast<IntType>(dist(m_Engine));
}
/** Return a random RealType in the range [a_Min, a_Max). */
template <class RealType = float>
RealType RandReal(RealType a_Min, RealType a_Max)
{
std::uniform_real_distribution<RealType> dist(a_Min, a_Max);
return dist(m_Engine);
}
/** Return a random RealType in the range [0, a_Max). */
template <class RealType = float>
RealType RandReal(RealType a_Max)
{
std::uniform_real_distribution<RealType> dist(RealType(0), a_Max);
return dist(m_Engine);
}
/** Return a random RealType in the range [0, 1). */
template <class RealType = float>
RealType RandReal()
{
std::uniform_real_distribution<RealType> dist;
return dist(m_Engine);
}
/** Return a random bool with the given probability of being true. */
bool RandBool(double a_TrueProbability = 0.5)
{
std::bernoulli_distribution dist(a_TrueProbability);
return dist(m_Engine);
}
/** Returns a reference to the underlying random engine. */
RandomEngine & Engine()
{
return m_Engine;
}
private:
RandomEngine m_Engine;
};
/** Utility to seed a random engine with maximal entropy from random_device. */
struct cRandomDeviceSeeder
{
using result_type = std::random_device::result_type;
template <class Itr>
void generate(Itr first, Itr last)
{
std::random_device rd;
std::uniform_int_distribution<result_type> dist;
for (; first != last; ++first)
{
*first = dist(rd);
}
}
};
using cFastRandom = cRandomWrapper<std::minstd_rand>;
using MTRand = cRandomWrapper<std::mt19937>;
/** Returns the current thread's random number source. */
MTRand & GetRandomProvider();
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